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From 1980 to the present, at least 70 tropical or subtropical cyclones affected the U.S. state of Texas. According to David Roth of the Weather Prediction Center, a tropical cyclone makes landfall along the coastline about three times every four years, and on any segment of the coastline a hurricane makes landfall about once every six years. The most active month is September, with 21 total storms, while no recorded storms have affected Texas during the months of December through May. While the most intense storm in terms of barometric pressure is Hurricane Allen in 1980, Hurricane Ike in 2008 caused the most fatalities and damages, with $19.3 billion in Texas and $37.6 billion in total damages and 84 deaths. The first storm to impact the state during the period is also Hurricane Allen in August 1980, with the most recent being Tropical Storm Bill in June 2015. In terms of wind speed, Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest storm to affect the state, producing maximum sustained winds equivalent to status on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.〔 During the 1980s, multiple tropical cyclones affected the state, of which six made landfall as hurricanes; three made landfall as major hurricanes.〔 Hurricane Alicia is the most destructive hurricane of the decade, severely impacting the Greater Houston area. All three major hurricanes that impacted Texas during the 1980s were later retired by the World Meteorological Organization. In contrast to the 1980s, during the 1990s, only one tropical cyclone, Hurricane Bret, made landfall on the Texas coast. In the next decade five hurricanes would make landfall on Texas.〔 Hurricane Ike, the costliest hurricane to impact Texas, makes landfall during the decade. Other notable systems include Tropical Storm Allison and Hurricane Rita. ==1980–1984== *August 10, 1980 – Hurricane Allen makes landfall near Brownsville as a hurricane. A wind gust of is reported in Port Mansfield. Heavy rainfall is reported across South Texas, with a peak of in Kingsville. Nearly all structures on South Padre Island are destroyed.〔 At least 12 tornadoes are also reported as a result of Allen. One damages hangars and aircraft at Robert Mueller Municipal Airport, causing $250 million in damages.〔 Two deaths are directly attributed to Allen, both of which are drownings in the Corpus Christi area, with five others indirectly killed.〔 An estimated $600 million in damages are attributed to Allen. *September 5, 1980 – Tropical Storm Danielle makes landfall near Galveston Bay as a weak tropical storm. As it moves inland, it causes severe and widespread flooding across Texas. Areas are inundated by the rain, peaking at in Nederland. One person is killed due to rains associated with Danielle. *Mid-November, 1980 – Hurricane Jeanne over the Western Gulf of Mexico causes tides to rise up to above average along the Texas coast. Coastal flooding also occurs, with the worst being near Galveston. Minimal damage is reported.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ks.water.usgs.gov/pubs/reports/wsp.2502.sum80.html )〕 *Late-August, 1981 – Tropical Depression Eight moves ashore northeast Mexico on August 29 and into the United States on August 30. As an ill-defined surface low, a large thunderstorm complex forms near its center that day, which unleashes very heavy rainfall in a wide band covering a path from Seguin to north of Houston. The highest rainfall amount reported is from Cheapside, where falls in a 24‑hour period ending on the morning of August 31. Five die in the town of Shiner due to the heavy rains. Heavy rain in downtown Hallettsville causes floods and torrential rain, reaching a peak of . Significant flooding also occurs along the Lavaca, Guadalupe, and Colorado rivers in Texas. Damages from the floods amount to nearly $21 million. *October 13, 1981 – Hurricane Norma makes landfall on the Pacific coast of Mexico, but its remnants produce of rain near Dallas-Fort Worth, killing five. Multiple tornadoes touch down in six counties in the region, injuring three. Hurricane Norma causes $50 million in damages and kills three people in Texas. *September 11, 1982 – Tropical Storm Chris makes landfall near Sabine Pass. Before landfall the storm causes tides of in height.〔 Rainfall from Chris peaks at in Evadale.〔 *August 18, 1983 – Hurricane Alicia makes landfall near Galveston as a Category 3 hurricane. Alicia causes $2.6 billion in damage and 13 fatalities, along with an estimated 5,805 residential structures either heavily damaged or destroyed.〔 In advance of Alicia, offshore drilling platforms are evacuated. At one point during the storm, the entire city of Galveston loses power, with 250,000 electricity customers in Houston losing power as well. At the time, Hurricane Alicia is the costliest hurricane to impact Texas, not adjusting for inflation.〔 High rainfall totals are reported across Southeast Texas, with a peak of of rain in Liberty. The peak wind gust in Galveston is .〔 An estimated storm surge of up to is estimated in Galveston Bay. Alicia also causes 23 tornadoes, concentrated around the Galveston and Tyler areas.〔 *August 28, 1983 – Hurricane Barry, a Category 1, makes landfall just south of Brownsville and forces the evacuation of 4,000 people, but causes minor damage. *Mid-October, 1983 – The remnants of Hurricane Tico from the Eastern Pacific cause rainfall over much of Texas, most of which are in northern Texas where rainfall peaks at in Quanah.〔 Numerous road closures take place due to the floods caused by the remnants of Tico. In Val Verde County, 100 people are evacuated due to the heavy rain. Tico's remnants kill one person and cause $93 million in damages.〔 *Mid-September, 1984 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Edouard cause severe flooding in South Texas, where some isolated locations receive totals in excess of . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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